1146 European leaders outlaw the crossbow, intending to end war for all time
1363 Beginning of the Battle of Lake Poyang; two Chinese rebel leaders, Chen Youliang and Zhu Yuanzhang, clash in one of the largest naval battles in history during the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty
1590 Tokugawa Ieyasu enters Edo Castle (Traditional Japanese date: August 1, 1590)
1682 William Penn leaves England to sail to the New World
1871 New Zealand’s Ernest Rutherford, the first man to “split” the atom, and who would become world-famous as “the Father Of Nuclear Physics” was born
1905 Detroit Tigers future Baseball Hall of Fame center fielder Ty Cobb makes his MLB debut, doubling off Jack Chesbro in a 5-3 win over the New York Highlanders at Bennett Park in Detroit
1914 Battle of Tannenberg (WWI) in East Prussia ends in the destruction of the Russian Second Army, with 122,000-170,000 soldiers killed, injured, or captured by the German 8th Army led by Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff
1928 Jawaharlal Nehru submits the Nehru Report, officially requesting independence for India and outlining a federal constitution with reserved seats for minorities
1963 Hotline communication link between the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., and the Kremlin in Moscow is installed. Often known as the "red telephone," no phones are ever used, relying instead on Teletype equipment, fax machines, and later, secure email.
1968 The Beatles release the single "Hey Jude," their first record on their Apple label in the UK
1976 Tom Brokaw starts as news anchor of NBC's "The Today Show"
1979 First recorded occurrence of a comet hitting the Sun releases energy equal to one million hydrogen bombs
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