1305 Scottish patriot William Wallace is executed for high treason by Edward I of England
at Smithfield, London
1542 Rabbi Joseph Caro completes his major work, the "Beit Yosef," a voluminous commentary on the "Arba'ah Turim" code
1924 Mars makes its closest approach to Earth since the 10th century
1933 First televised boxing match, a six-round exhibition at Broadcasting House in London between middleweights Archie Sexton and Laurie Raiteri, airs on BBC TV
1942 Last cavalry charge in history takes place during World War II at Isbuschenskij, Russia, when the Italian Savoia Cavalleria charges Soviet infantry
1942 Battle of Stalingrad: 600 Luftwaffe planes bomb Stalingrad, killing 40,000 people
1943 Battle of Kursk, the largest tank battle in history, ends after 50 days as the Soviet Union defeats Germany; over 10,000 tanks take part, and nearly 250,000 combatants are killed
1946 Premiere of "The Big Sleep," directed by Howard Hawks and starring Humphrey Bogart as Philip Marlowe and Lauren Bacall
1994 Jeff Buckley releases his album "Grace," featuring his cover of Leonard Cohen's "Hallelujah"
2008 Ethiopian distance runner Kenenisa Bekele wraps up the 5,000/10,000m double at the Beijing Olympics when he takes gold in the 5,000m in an Olympic record 12:57.82
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