Oct 9
1635
Roger Williams banished for “newe & dangerous opinions”
On this day in 1635, the Massachusetts Bay Colony banished a dangerous, radical thinker. Among his crimes? Preaching an idea that would become enshrined in the U.S. Constitution more than 150 years later. Roger Williams believed that the government shouldn’t weigh in on matters of religion. While his neighbors disagreed, the Founding Fathers did not. Williams’s arguments were later immortalized in the First Amendment.
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On this day in 2004, for the first time in Afghanistan’s history, voters went to the polls to choose a president, selecting Hamid Karzai, who had served as the interim president after the fall of the Taliban regime in 2001.
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Charles X, born this day in 1757, was the king of France (1824–30) whose reign dramatized the Bourbons’ failure to reconcile monarchy by divine right with the spirit of democracy prevalent after the French Revolution.
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2024
Ratan Tata, a former chairman of Tata Group who was widely admired for his personal ethics and philanthropic activities, died in Mumbai.
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2012
A Taliban gunman shot 15-year-old Pakistani activist Malala Yousafzai, a vocal opponent of the ultraconservative group’s prohibition on the education of girls. Despite being struck in the head, she survived the assassination attempt, and she went on to win a Nobel Prize in 2014. [Read about six teenagers, including Malala Yousafzai, who made history.]
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2001
The United Service Organizations (USO) appointed entertainer Wayne Newton as its official celebrity front man, replacing Bob Hope, who had served in that capacity since the early 1950s.
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1997
Italian playwright Dario Fo was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. [Test your knowledge of Nobel laureates in literature.]
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1990
David Souter took his seat as a U.S. Supreme Court associate justice. [Why are there nine justices on the U.S. Supreme Court?]
Archiv für Kunst und Geschichte, Berlin
1982
Anna Freud, psychoanalyst, author, and daughter of Sigmund Freud, died in London.
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1936
The Boulder Dam (later called Hoover Dam), on the Arizona-Nevada border, began generating electricity for such areas as Los Angeles, which celebrated with a parade. [Watch an overview of Hoover Dam and Lake Mead.]
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1888
Built between 1848 and 1884 and dedicated in 1885, the Washington Monument—a marble-faced granite obelisk that honours the first U.S. president, George Washington—opened to the public in Washington, D.C. [Sort fact from fiction in our quiz about U.S. presidents.]
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1514
Mary Tudor, sister of King Henry VIII of England, became the third wife of King Louis XII of France. [Take our quiz about kings and emperors.]
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